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If you have no knowledge of accounting or the double entry system, this module will help you understand the basics in a football context.

Learning objectives

• Identify the difference between debits and credits
• Describe the impact debits and credits have on different types of accounts
• Identify types of accounts using football examples
• Describe how debits and credits generate a profit or loss
• Define the accounting reference date
• Use the understanding of the accounting reference date to explain the accruals concept
• Explain the how the accounting equation is used to present a football club balance sheet
• Describe the accounting treatment of a football player acquisition.

Providing an overview of football finance including revenues, costs, player trading and football regulation to build upon in the rest of the course.

Learning objectives

• Understand how a football club can become profitable
• Describe the three main revenue streams of a football club and how clubs can increase those revenue streams
• Summarise what a player represents to a football club in a financial context
• Illustrate an understanding of the accounting treatment of a player registration
• Explain the different types of agent fees paid to agents
• Describe how image rights payments are made to remunerate players
• Explain the financial regulatory landscape of a football club.

Finding and understanding financial information is avital skill to acquire for any finance professional. This module shows you how.

Learning objectives

• Identify reliable sources of financial information of football clubs
• Locate financial information through club websites and Companies House
• Describe the contents of financial statements
• Summarise the contents of the narrated sections of the financial statements
• Explain the presentation primary financial statements
• Describe how the accounting equation interacts with the balance sheet
• Interpret the information in the income statement, balance sheet and statement of cashflows in a football context.

Information provided to management is not the same as that provided to the general public. This module explores management information.

Learning objectives

• Compare management and financial information using football examples to evidence your understanding in a football context
• Explain the structural differences between management and financial information
• Summarise the budget process of a football club
• Describe the budget process for the income statement, cash flows, capital expenditure and balance sheets using football examples
• Summarise the budget challenges faced by a football club
• Explain the difference between budgeting and forecasting
• Illustrate how cost centres, business units and legal entities interact.

A player's contract represents their time spent at the club, but what are the elements of the contract and how are they accounted for? This module explains all.

Learning objectives

• Illustrate the differences between player registration costs and employment costs
• Describe the different elements of the cost of a player registration
• Compute the value of the different elements of a player registration
• Identify the elements of cost recognisable once a registration is acquired using a football example
• Quantify the amount of amortisation charged to the income statement
• Measure the impact of contractual changes such as contingent fees and contract extensions
• Quantify the profit on disposal of a player registration including the impact of any sell on fees
• Describe how signing on fees and loyalty bonuses are accounted for.

Revenue recognition standards are now more prescriptive than ever. How does the guidance interact with a football club?

Learning objectives

• Define revenue and compare it to other sources of income for a football club
• Explain the five steps of recognising revenue as prescribed by IFRS 15
• Analyse football examples, understanding the performance obligations and identify the five steps to recognise revenue
• Analyse and compute the distribution mechanisms for broadcasting revenue available to English football clubs
• Explain the make-up of commercial revenue contracts
• Summarise accounting considerations in relation to match day revenue
• Summarise the impact of COVID-19 on the three main revenue streams of a football club.

Managing risk is a fundamental part of a finance professional's role. Explore financial and non-financial risks in football and how they are managed.

Learning objectives

• Define the concept of risk management
• Summarise the financial and non-financial risks faced by a football organisation; compare financial and non-financial risks
• Explain the regulatory landscape faced by a football organisation
• Explain liquidity risk, foreign exchange risk and credit risk in the context of a football club, using football examples
• Describe how the financial risks to a football club can be managed
• Explain the role of the treasury function in the context of risk management
• Compare revenue recognition and cash receipts
• Describe how insurance is used to manage risk.

Governance and control can make or break the financial results of a football club. The content of this module is critical knowledge for all professionals.

Learning objectives

• Explain the concept of internal governance with reference to shareholders, the Board of Directors and the wider organisation
• Analyse and define how authority is delegated to directors and employees, using football examples
• Describe the roles and responsibilities of the Board of Directors in a football club
• Compare the roles of executive and non-executive directors
• Examine the purchase to pay process in the context of a player registration acquisition
• Describe the sale to cash receipt process
• Summarise the control environment and compare detection and prevention controls
• Describe the role of other corporate functions and the Audit Committee.

The audit process brings the club's finances under constant scrutiny. Understanding the process is underpins a successful career in football finance.

Learning objectives

• Compare external to internal audits
• Explain the statutory audit process
• Explain the roles within the statutory audit team
• Structure the audit process into phases, understanding work shall be completed
• Use a football example to describe a key process and the controls that sit within it
• Show how audit risk is used to define the approach of an audit
• Calculate audit materiality using the methodologies described
• Describe the types of audit that will be experienced in a football environment
• Identify different types of audit opinion
• Explain the UEFA compliance audit and how it differs from the statutory audit.

An extensively debated topic - how do you think club's should be funded? Does your club have a choice? We explore the debt versus equity debate.

Learning objectives

• Define and compare debt and equity from an accounting perspective
• Compare the common attributes of debt and equity
• Analyse the different ways that a football club could raise finance through debt
• Compare cash flow to asset-based lending in the context of raising finance in a football organisation
• Use football examples of securities to explain what is secured by a financial institution
• Break down the football creditor rule
• Explain the concept of a leveraged buyout in the context of a football club
• Compare the pros and cons of debt and equity financing in football.

A highly specialised area of finance but every football finance professional must understand the concepts of taxation discussed in this module.

Learning objectives

• Explain how UK football clubs generally pay taxes
• Explain the different types of taxes that a football club is responsible for paying and withholding
• Compute a summarised corporation tax calculation using simple allowances
• Summarise key concepts of corporation tax elections and restrictions and how they affect clubs
• Show how VAT is required to be charged by football clubs and when they need to register
• Explain how employment taxes work in the UK, compute income taxes payable by football players
• Quantify the differences between player services and club services agent fees
• Quantify the differences between payments for employment services and image rights payments
• Explain self-assessment, tax audits and compliance.

The most up-to-date evolution of "FFP" rules in Europe. A must-know for all football professionals.

Learning objectives

• Define the UEFA FSR objectives
• Summarise Club Licensing finance updates
• Explain the transitional requirements between UEFA FFP and UEFA FSR
• Summarise club monitoring updates
• Explain the concepts of solvency, stability and cost control in the context of FSR
• Understand the monitoring period including transitional requirements
• Calculate your own football earnings calculation using a football example
• Explain the concept of acceptable deviation and the evolution of the allowable deficit
• Understand how the acceptable deviation can be increased with relevant investments and financial good health
• Understand the consequences of breaching FSR